Digital Repository of the University of Fallujah

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Digital Repository of the University of Fallujah

Welcome to the Digital Repository of the University of Fallujah

The Digital Repository of the University of Fallujah is a centralized platform designed to preserve and showcase the academic, research, and scholarly contributions of our university community. This repository serves as a vital resource for faculty, students, and researchers, offering access to a wide range of digital content including:

  • Research papers, theses, and dissertations
  • Academic publications and conference proceedings
  • Course materials and lecture notes
  • Multimedia content and archival materials

By providing open access to these valuable resources, the repository aims to support knowledge sharing, foster academic collaboration, and enhance the visibility of the University of Fallujah’s scholarly work on a global scale. Explore, learn, and contribute to our growing collection!

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University of Fallujah News

Latest News

University Hosts Annual Research Conference

March 2025

The University of Fallujah recently hosted its annual research conference, bringing together scholars, students, and industry experts to discuss the latest developments in science and technology.

New Digital Repository Launched

November 15, 2024

We are excited to announce the launch of the Digital Repository, providing open access to the university's academic and research materials for global audiences.

New University of Fallujah System Released

November 15, 2024

The University of Fallujah has launched a new system to enhance administrative processes and improve student services. This system aims to streamline academic records, facilitate communication, and provide a user-friendly platform for students, faculty, and staff.

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    العالم الالكتروني وأثره في نشر الفكر المتطرف "دراسة قانونية تحليلية مقارنة"
    (2025-06-01) م.م مصطفى محمد منصور العبدلي
    ان الفكر المتطرف يعد من اخطر انواع الارهاب، وكما انه يمثل ظاهرة عالمية مرتبطة بفكر الانسان اياً كان توجهه ومعتقده او مذهبه فهو يقوم بغلق فكره وقمع حريته الفكرية. ساهم العالم الالكتروني بشكل كبير في انتشار الفكر المتطرف من خلال استخدام المواقع الالكترونية المختلفة خاصة التطرف الذي اتخذ من الاسلام غطاء له كالعصابات الداعشية والقاعدة ليبثوا افكارهم الظلامية عبر الشبكة العنكبوتية لتصل الى شرائح المجتمع بسرعة كبيرة. ان كان من السهل مكافحة الفكر المتطرف في الواقع لأنه يكون مكشوف او يمكن التعرف عليه من خطاباته وتحركاته، عكس ما عليه الحال في الواقع الالكتروني الذي يحتاج الى تظافر الجهود لكبح وجوده والتضييق عليه لأنه يستخدم مواقع الكترونية كثيرة وغرف سرية مغلقة، بالتالي يقع على عاتق الحكومة وضع القوانين الرادعة وتفعيل الرقابة والتوعية المجتمعية والاجهزة الامنية للتصدي لهذا الخطر الكبير والحد من وجوده. وعليه فإن سبب اختياري لهذا الموضوع ما هو الا من باب الحرص على المجتمع الدولي بشكل عام والمجتمع العراقي على وجه الخصوص الذي عانى الويلات من خطورة الفكر المتطرف. من الصعب انهاء وجود هذا الفكر بالكامل في العالم الالكتروني الواسع ولكن لابد من العمل على تحجيم خطره باتخاذ خطوات جدية وحلول ناجعة. ان ابرز ما توصلنا اليه في هذا البحث هو تعريف الفكر المتطرف واهم الدوافع التي تسبب في انتشاره ووضحنا المعالجات القانونية الممكنة على المستوى الدولي والوطني.
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    New molybdenum(VI) complexes with bidetantete (N,N), (N, S), and (S, S) ligands spectral characterization and theoretical calculations
    (2025-05-25) Othman I. Alajrawy; Alaa Mh. EeSee
    [MoO2(acac)(ATP)], [MoO2(4CPD)(ATP)], [MoO2(ATP)2], and [MoO2(ATP)(DTO)] are four new MO(VI) complexes have been synthesized, where (acac) is acetylacetone, (ATP) is 2-aminothiophenol, (4CPD) is 4-chloro-ophenylenediamine, and (DTO) is dithiooxamide. The complexes were characterized using a variety of spectral techniques, such as mass spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, FT-IR, UV–Vis., and theoretical calculations. The FT-IR spectra showed that the oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms coordinated the ligands with the MO(VI) ion. The mass spectrum of each complex describes its mononuclear structure. The complexes are diamagnetic and have an electrical configuration of d0 . The complexes’ lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals ranged in energy from − 0.095 to − 0.260 a.u., while their highest occupied molecular orbitals ranged from − 0.347 to − 0.373 a.u., according to the computational results. The complexes were found to be softer and more soluble than the free ligands. The prepared complexes feature distinct coordination environments around the MO(VI) ion, specifically: (2O, N, S), (3N, S), (2N, 2S), and (N, 3S). This variation in the percentage of sulfur atoms surrounding the Mo(VI) ion was intentionally designed based on Pearson’s Hard and Soft Acids and Bases theory. The comparatively easier electronic transitions observed in the complexes, relative to the free ligands, suggest their potential for future application in photocell research. For each complex, a distorted octahedral geometry was proposed based on the calculated bond lengths and bond angles.
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    Cytotoxic evaluations, spectral characterizations and DFT theoretical calculations of new dioxidovanadium(V) complexes
    (Mongolian Journal of Chemistry, 2025-05-26) Othman I. Alajrawy; Huda A. Hadi; Roaa S. Awad Al-Luhaib; Sarah S. Sabar
    Two dioxidovanadium(V) complexes have been prepared with dinitrogen atoms donor (ophenylenediamine (OPD) and dithiooxamide (DTO)) ligands. The cytotoxicity studies of the prepared complexes against the L20B cell line displays that they have moderate activity 15 against the L20B cell line. Then, the complexes were characterized by different spectral techniques such as FT-IR, UV-Vis., mass, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, and molar conductivity. Finally, the spectral data were compared with the data obtained by 18 the DFT theoretical calculations. The obtained spectroscopic data confirmed that the two ligands are coordinated from the two amine groups and in cis-conformation with the two oxygen atoms. The experimental and theoretical calculations show that the two complexes 21 are mononuclear with proposed distorted octahedral structures. The complexes are very stable, the electronic energies are (-773.10 and -907.56 a.u.), the HOMO orbitals energies are (-0.386 and -0.504 a.u.), and the LUMO orbitals energies are (-0.213 and -0.421 a.u.) 24 for the complexes; respectively. The bond angles around the vanadium(V) atoms are in the range (69.44-91.36 A°), and the dihedral angles are in the range (111.22-161.94°). Calculations explained that the complexes are polarized (3.39-5.28) more than free ligands 27 (0.002-3.00). The electronic transition in the complex (2) (0.083) is less than for the complex (1) (0.173). After that, the findings showed that the two complexes have the feature of solubility in water rather than other anticancer compounds that lack such a property; even 30 though using different metal complexes like Platine complexes, etc. Thus, this feature will help researchers use such complexes in future studies
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    NEW OXOMOLYBDENUM(IV) COMPLEXES WITH ADDUCTED MONODENTATE LIGANDS, SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION, DFT CALCULATIONS, BIOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
    (Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop, 2024-06-24) Noor F. Abdalah; Othman I. Alajrawy; Sattar R. Majeed
    Oxomolybdenum(IV) complexes with chemical formula [MoO(ATP)(DIAB)(AMP)] (C1), [MoO(ATP)(DIAB)(Atri)] (C2), [MoO(ATP)(HNQ)(AMP)] (C3) and [MoO(ATP)(HNQ)(Atri)] (C4) have been synthesized and studied using different spectral methods, including atomic absorption, FTIR, UV-Vis., mass spectroscopy, magnetic sensitivity, electrical conductivity, and C.H.N.S. analysis. The ligands were 2- aminothiophenol (ATP), 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid (DIAB), 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HNQ), 6-amino-2- methylpyridin (AMP), and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (Atri). The FTIR spectra confirm (DIAB, AMP, and Atri) were coordinated by amine nitrogen, whereas the (HNQ) ligand was by oxygen, and the (ATP) by nitrogen and sulfur atoms. The υ(S-H) band vanished in comparison to the (ATP) ligand, this demonstrates how Mo(IV) and the sulfur atom. The (HNQ) ligand's oxygen atoms work in tandem with the Mo(IV). Mo(IV) complexes with d2 are paramagnetic. All complexes have been suggested to have an octahedral structure based on computed and experimental evidences. Two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria were used to test the (ATP) ligand and the produced complexes' activity. The complexes showed an expanded zone of inhibition, indicating that they were more lipophilic than the free (ATP) ligand. Finally, the antioxidant activity of the complexes was tested, and the result showed the following order: Gallic acid ˃ C3 ˃ C2 ˃ C4 ˃ C1 in 60 min.
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    CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON TRI-TROPHIC PREDATOR{PREY MODEL OF THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WOLVES, UNGULATES, AND PLANTS
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2025) ASHRAF ADNAN THIRTHAR; PRABIR PANJA; ZAHRAA ALBATOOL MAHDI; BAPIN MONDAL; ASMA AL-JASER; THABET ABDELJAWAD; MANAR A. ALQUDAH
    Abstract The model considers the interactions between wolves, ungulates, and plants in a three-level trophic system. Climate change is assumed to have an impact on plant growth, in uencing the logistical aspects of plant development. In the absence of ungulate species and climate change, it is suggested that plants could grow logistically. Ungulates are assumed to consume plants and this consumption is in uenced by climate change. Wolves are presumed to consume ungulates, and the rate of this consumption is believed to be in uenced by global climate change. The study discusses the positivity, boundedness, and dissipativeness of the model, likely referring to the system's behavior and stability. The stability of equilibrium points in the model is studied, both locally and globally. It is discovered that the populations of ungulates and wolves may go extinct due to the increase in global climate change. The presence of global warming or climate change and increased plant consumption by ungulates could lead to instability of the ecological system. Results from numerical simulations are presented, providing a practical illustration of the model's behavior under di erent conditions.
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    Stability and bifurcation analysis in a novel discrete prey-predator system incorporating moonlight, water availability, and vigilance effects
    (Springer Nature, 2025-05-27) Ashraf Adnan Thirthar; Karima Mokni; Mohamed Ch-Chaoui; Shireen Jawad; Muhammad Aqib Abbasi
    Abstract This study explores the dynamics of a discrete-time predator–prey model derived from a continuous framework, integrating factors such as prey vigilance, refuge availability, water resources, and moonlight. The model captures realistic ecological scenarios where vigilance reduces predation success but also incurs energetic and temporal costs, leading to diminished prey population growth. Additionally, mammalian prey consumption is influenced by the availability of refuge, water resources, and moonlight intensity, reflecting key environmental and behavioral factors. The analysis examines the boundedness of solutions, the stability and existence of fixed points, and the emergence of bifurcations. The study emphasizes codimensionone bifurcations, including Neimark–Sacker bifurcations, and codimension-two bifurcations, such as 1:2 resonance. Detailed numerical simulations are employed to investigate the complex dynamics arising from these bifurcations, providing significant insights into the model’s behavior. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how ecological and environmental factors interact in predator–prey systems and their implications for ecosystem stability.
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    Occidentalism: Between Concept and Application
    (University of Management and Technology, 2025-04-25) Israa Bassim Mohammed Abbas; Saif Mohammed Sattoori Ibrahim; Sarab Majeed Saleh Abdullah Al-Mohammadi
    The current study is concerned with one of the most important matters that the Western world ought to examine scientifically and objectively. It is a counterpart to Orientalism in terms of importance. Its origins go back to the early Islamic eras, represented by the efforts of Muslim travelers and historians. The study adopts a historical, analytical, and descriptive approach which is based on a group of geographical and historical sources and references. It is believed that Occidentalism is an independent science that is concerned with studying the West objectively and is not merely a reaction to Orientalism. The confusion between Occidentalism and Westernization has led to a misunderstanding of this field, which requires correcting the terminology and re-distinguishing between the two concepts. The roots of Occidentalism go back to the early Islamic eras, and its motives are diverse. The study concludes that Occidentalism is a stand-alone science that deserves more careful studies to understand its origins, developments, and goals, away from confusion with Westernization. It also represents an effective means of confronting the Western distortion of Islamic culture and history, by studying it in an objective and precise scientific manner. The study recommends the need to strengthen academic studies on Occidentalism and open new horizons to explore its developments and effects on Islamic and global thought.
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    A Low-Fouling Electrochemical Immunosensor Based On Metal–Organic Framework and Ternary Metal Oxide Nanomaterials Using Dual Signal Amplification Strategy for Sensitive Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) in Patient Samples
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2025-03-11) Abdulsalam Y. Obaid; Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee; Ahmed Hjazi; Nizomiddin Juraev; Marwah Suliman Maashi; Faeza H. Zankanah; Ameer H. Al-Rubaye; Albe Slabi Hussam; Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid; Hasan Majdi; Majid Jabir
    A label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF8)/bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanocomposite was fabricated for the specific and sensitive quantification of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The ZIF8-BFO material not only increases the surface area effectively but also enhances the catalytic capability of the electrode through a dual amplification strategy, leading to the improved sensitivity of the probe for PSA recognition. A thin layer of l-cysteine was used for two reasons: providing a scaffold for the next functionalization and reducing the fouling of plasma ingredients on the surface of the probe. The mechanical and spectroscopic properties of the produced nanomaterials were characterized using different techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS)/Zeta analyzer. The electroanalytical properties of the probe were studied using square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The signal of the probe decreased proportionally with increasing PSA concentration in the 100.0 pg/mL–15.0 ng/mL range, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 85 pg/mL. The proposed platform has been successfully employed to measure PSA levels in human serum samples with acceptable
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    Histone Deacetylation in Alzheimer’s Diseases (AD); Hope or Hype
    (Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics/ springer, 2025-01-18) Nabaa Hisham Ateya; Sarah F. Al-Taie; Saade Abdalkareem Jasim; Subasini Uthirapathy; Kamlesh Chaudhary; Pooja Rani; Mayank Kundlas; ● K. Satyam Naidu; Nevin Adel Amer; Jawad Kadhim Ahmed
    Abstract Histone acetylation is the process by which histone acetyltransferases (HATs) add an acetyl group to the N-terminal lysine residues of histones, resulting in a more open chromatin structure. Histone acetylation tends to increase gene expression more than methylation does. In the central nervous system (CNS), histone acetylation is essential for controlling the expression of genes linked to cognition and learning. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), “writing” enzymes (HATs), and “reading” enzymes with bromodomains that identify and localize to acetylated lysine residues are responsible for maintaining histone acetylation. By giving animals HDAC inhibitors (HDACis), it is possible to intentionally control the ratios of “writer” and “eraser” activity, which will change the acetylation of histones. In addition to making the chromatin more accessible, these histone acetylation alterations re-allocate the targeting of “readers,” including the transcriptional coactivators, cAMP response element-binding protein (CBP), and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4) in the CNS. Conclusive evidence has shown that HDACs slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by reducing the amount of histone acetylation, decreasing the activity of genes linked to memory, supporting cognitive decline and Amyloid beta (Aβ) protein accumulation, influencing aberrant tau phosphorylation, and promoting the emergence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). In this review, we have covered the therapeutic targets and functions of HDACs that might be useful in Treating AD.
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    The Effect of Adding Waste Tire Rubber on Compressive Strength, Impact Resistance, and Damping Ratio of Fiber-Reinforced Foamed Concrete
    (Dr D. Pylarinos, 2024-11-09) Oday Asaad Abd; Ameer A. Hilal; Tareq A. Khaleel
    Research was conducted to investigate the effects of incorporating optimal proportions of Waste Tire Rubber (WTR) on the compressive strength, impact resistance, and damping of fiber-reinforced Foamed Concrete (FC) modified with a Super-Plasticizer (SP). In this study, four FC types with a density of 1100 kg/m3 were produced: conventional FC, modified FC with SP, polypropylene (PP) fiber-reinforced FC, and fiber-reinforced rubberized FC (containing SP, PP, and WTR). To evaluate the effect of density on the FC properties, two additional fiber-reinforced rubberized FC mixtures were produced with densities of 800 and 1400 kg/m3. The sand in the FC was partially replaced with WTR at optimum ratios of 50% for coarse WTR (4.75–10 mm) and 34% for fine WTR (≤ 2.36 mm). Additionally, 53 kg/m3 of cement was substituted with fly ash. The results indicated that the addition of SP enhanced the properties of the fresh and hardened FC. For a given density of 1100 kg/m3, adding WTR led to decreased consistency and strength while increased the impact and damping compared to the reference containing only SP and PP. However, the fiber-reinforced rubberized FC mix with SP showed improvements of 79.5%, 3700%, and 21.45% in compressive strength, impact resistance, and damping, respectively compared to conventional FC (without SP and PP). With the exception of the damping ratio, the compressive strength and impact resistance increased when the rubberized FC density was elevated.