Articles

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Analysis of the effectiveness of some macroeconomic variables on the industrial sector in Iraq for the period (2004-2020)
(Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences,, 2022-06-30) د. منذر علوي حميد
The research aims to clarify the nature of the relationship between some macroeconomic variables represented (public spending, interest rate, exchange rate) and the industrial sector in Iraq for the period (2004-2020), which expresses the content of the Iraqi economy, and the use of standard analysis tools to know the impact of some macro variables (expenditure year, interest rate, exchange rate) on the industrial sector in Iraq for the duration of the study. The research reached to prove the validity of the hypothesis that some macroeconomic variables did not play a positive role in the Iraqi industrial sector for the period 2004-2020. where it was concluded through the results to a clear decline in its contribution to the output, as it did not exceed (3%) and with an average period of (2.3%) during the study, due to the weakness of production lines and the high level of costs as a result of obsolescence and loss of equipment in addition to the looting that this sector was subjected to. Accordingly the oil surpluses achieved each year and directing the development of economic growth and covering local manufacturing from imported raw materials or through the modernization of manufacturing methods and the use of technology capable of increasing production and reducing costs.
Analysis of the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Revitalization of Small Enterprises in Iraq Duration (2004-2018)
(جامعة تكريت/ كلية الإدارة والاقتصاد/ مجلة تكريت للعلوم الإدارية والاقتصادية, 2020-01-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; م.م. منار سامي حميد
Analysis of the Impact of Oil Revenues on Certain Indicators of Iraq’s Economic Development for the Period (2004–2020)
(https://link.springer.com/, 2023-07-18) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. احمد محمد جاسم
This research aims to analyze the impact of the relationship between oil revenues and certain economic development indicators and to see the extent to which oil revenues affect certain economic development indicators in Iraq, using time chains to express the nature of the relationship between the study variables. As well as knowing the effectiveness of revenues derived from the oil sector in achieving economic development in Iraq during the duration of the study, the research found that the structure of the Iraqi economy depends mainly on oil revenues in building its main foundations. Therefore, changes in the volume and export of oil production, as well as crude oil prices, are directly reflected in the structure of the Iraqi economy, This means that oil revenues have contributed in one way or another to the economic development of Iraq.
Analysis of the reality of small entrepreneurial projects on the economic indicator in Iraq for the period 2004-2021
(مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال للبحوث التطبيقية, 2024-12-31) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
The research aims to explain the analysis of the reality of small entrepreneurial projects on the economic index in Iraq for the period (2004-2021) in order to identify the most important obstacles that stand in the way of these projects and to know the role that small entrepreneurial projects can play in achieving economic development by knowing the relationship between... Research variables during the studied period, because small entrepreneurial projects represent the basic foundation of most economies as they contribute to addressing imbalances and thus achieving economic development, as entrepreneurial projects represent one of the most important umbrellas supporting the economies of various countries, especially Iraq, which is characterized by the spread of critical problems that hinder economic growth in various sectors
Analysis of the Relationship between Investment in Human Capital and Economic Growth in Iraq for the Period (2004-2020)
(مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال, 2023-09-30) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
Analysis of the relationship between oil prices and the broad money supply in light of sustainable development in Iraq for the period (2004-2022)
(مجلة دراسات محاسبية ومالية, 2024-02-24) د. منذر عليوي حميد
After 2004, Iraq resumed the production and export of crude oil after a blockade that lasted more than a decade. Iraq was able to achieve good financial surpluses from the sale of crude oil, but excessive reliance on oil revenues caused the destruction of the remaining economic activities and the economic dependency deepened further, until oil prices became It greatly affects most economic variables, including the money supply. The problem of the research is that excessive rentierism in the Iraqi economy established a special relationship between oil prices and the money supply, which contributed greatly to the fluctuations in the money supply during the research period, which in turn contributed to monetary turmoil that forced the Central Bank of Iraq to adopt several mechanisms in order to avoid the severity of these fluctuations, which undermined most of the plan’s Sustainable economic development. The research found that there is a temporal synchronization in the specific path of oil price growth rates and the growth rate of the broad money supply in Iraq. The research recommended adopting an approach to encourage investments in economic sectors to increase their activity and reduce the concentration of the oil sector in the local economy
Analysis of the relationship between some indicators of sustainable development and economic growth in Iraq for the period (2004-2020)
(REVENUE JOURNAL: MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP, 2023-08-01) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.د.سامي حميد عباس; أ.م.د. مهند خليفة عبيد
The research aims to analyze the relationship between some indicators of sustainable development and economic growth, as well as knowing the extent of the impact of sustainable development indicators on the economic growth indicator represented by the gross domestic product in Iraq, through the use of time series to express the nature of the relationship between the variables of the study, and through estimation and analysis Relationship In the applied side in which the ARDL model was used, it was found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between some indicators of sustainable development and economic growth in Iraq, in addition to that indicators of sustainable development have an impact on economic growth in Iraq. The study, which means that sustainable development has contributed in one way or another to achieving economic growth in Iraq.
Economic diversification and its impact on reducing unemployment in Iraq for the period 2004-2020
(Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, 2023-08-30) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. مهند خميس عبد; أ.د. سامي حميد عباس
FDI inflows and its impact on unemployment in Iraq for the period (2004-2017) Analytical study using simultaneous co-integration
(مجلة, 2018-02-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. مهند خميس عبد
Fluctuations in exchange rates and their impact on the trade balance in Iraq for the period (2004-2020)
(مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال, 2022-12-30) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
Measuring the effectiveness of spending policy to reduce the inflation rate in Iraq for the period (2004-2021)*
(مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال للبحوث التطبيقية, 2024-12-31) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
The effectiveness of spending policy occupies great importance in economic studies, so it is the most important and largest tool used by the state in order to achieve progress in all economic and financial fields. Thus, it can be said that spending policy reflects the big picture drawn for the goals of the state, which always seeks to advance the reality of the national economy. In order to advance the process of development and economic stability within the state, we find that it is necessary for the state to sometimes intervene in the economy in order to reduce the general level of prices or stop inflationary problems within the markets, as our research indicates that there is an inverse relationship between the effectiveness of spending policy and the rate of Unemployment in Iraq during the research period, The government must also seek to increase expansionary spending in order to reduce general inflation rates through a wellstudied methodology and financial policies. The research also included three sections: the first section represents the theoretical and conceptual framework for the effectiveness of spending policy, the second section is the theoretical and conceptual framework for the inflation rate, and the third section includes measuring and analyzing the relationship between Show the effectiveness of spending policy to reduce the inflation rate in Iraq for the period (2004-2021).
Measuring the impact of economic corruption on unemployment levels in Iraq after 2004
(Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, 2023-08-30) د. منذر علوي حميد
The research aims to analyze and estimate the relationship between economic corruption and to know the extent of the impact of a shock in economic corruption on the unemployment response in Iraq, and based on the hypothesis that states that economic corruption did not play a positive role in affecting unemployment in Iraq during the research period. A direct, non-linear, long-term equilibrium relationship between corruption and unemployment in Iraq and the dominance of the corrupt class over all aspects of the Iraqi economy, whether it is public or private sector, which causes a shock to corruption (Corruption Perceptions Index
Measuring the impact of some indicators of financial inclusion on economic growth in Iraq's for the period (2005-2022)
(International Journal of Research in Finance and Management, 2024-07-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. مهند خليفة عبيد; أ.م.د. مهند خميس عبد
The objective of the study is to examine the influence of the correlation between specific measures of financial inclusion and economic growth, and to determine the causal effect of these measures on the economic growth in Iraq. By employing time sequences to illustrate the nature of the correlation between the variables under investigation, and acknowledging the efficacy of financial services offered to individuals in attaining economic progress in Iraq during the research period, this may be accomplished. An empirical investigation of the use of the ARDL model revealed a significant and enduring correlation between the indices of financial inclusion and economic growth in Iraq. Furthermore, the study revealed a link between financial inclusion and Iraq's economic development during the assessed period. Undoubtedly, financial inclusion has had a significant role in enhancing the pace of economic progress in Iraq
Objectivity of Unconventional Monetary Policy in Diversifying Income Sources in Iraq
(Al Kut Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 2020-08-28) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. مهند خليفة عبيد
This research aims to shed light on the non-traditional monetary policy tools used in some developed and developing countries, especially during the financial crisis and was able to achieve success in diversifying sources of income, for the purpose of applying to the Iraqi economy in the future to reduce dependence on the oil sector, but the results of this research showed The traditional monetary policy instruments did not have a role in diversifying the sources of income or the composition of GDP, but only the stability of exchange rates and the size of credit and liquidity of the Central Bank to activate the tools of non-traditional monetary policy in Iraq that was adopted.
Recover the looted funds in the absence of Iraqi legislation
(مجلة جامعة تكريت, 2022-03-01) م.اسراء حميد غريب
In light of the revolutions, protests and internal and external conflicts in which the Arab countries are living, some of those whose souls have been tempted have taken advantage of the exploitation of public money, looting and smuggling it abroad, whether by transferring state funds to external bank accounts with real or fictitious names, selling state assets and receiving their price, or Manipulation via the Internet of the capabilities and assets of the state, which resulted in the spread of corruption throughout the country, which needs to be addressed through national legislation and international solidarity through the conclusion of international treaties and agreements that work to recover those funds. The state and the proceeds of corruption to the state treasury and the reduction of this phenomenon and the abuse of the perpetrators, and the Iraqi legislator had a contribution to these legislations through the laws of the Integrity Commission and its amendments and the laws criminalizing financial and administrative corruption and the preparation of a project to recover the proceeds of corruption in 2021, as the international legislator had through conventions His commendable effort by criminalizing all acts of corruption through traditional means and modern techniques in transferring money and forging documents, which constitutes an information crime. In addition to being a corruption crime that requires the recovery of proceeds and confiscation of funds obtained through it, and through our research, we discussed the concept of money recovery and the organization of that recovery and the criminalization of financial corruption and looting of state funds through Iraqi legislation and international agreements that struggle against this phenomenon and what must be done and followed in terms of legal and judicial procedures and cooperation international to eradicate this phenomenon.
The Analysis Of The Effect Of Information Technology On The Economic Growth In Iraq(2006-2018)
(2020 2nd Annual International Conference on Information and Sciences (AiCIS), 2020-02-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د.مهند خليفة عبيد; أ.م.د. مهند خميس عبد
This Study aims at analyzing the relation between the users of information technology (mobile phone users) and the economic growth in Iraq (2006- 2018) . Using time series to express the nature of the relationship between the study variables represented by mobile phone users and economic growth in Iraq , The study arrives, through the evaluation and the analysis of this relationship in the practical analysis by ARDL model, that there long term balancing relation between an item of the information technology (represented by the number of the users of cell phones mobile) and the economic growth in Iraq. In addition, there is an expel relation between the information technology and economic growth in Iraq during the duration of the study , The information and communication technology index, expressed in the number of phone users, had an impact on the economic growth rate in Iraq, and the relationship between them was positive. This means that the growth rate of mobile phones contributed in one way or another to raising the rate of economic growth , which necessitates Creating the necessary infrastructure for the communication
The Effect of Banking Assets on Inflation in the Iraqi Economy for the Period (2005-2020)
(مجلة تكريت للعلوم الإدارية والاقتصادية, 2022-06-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد; أ.م.د. مهند خميس عبد
The research aims to show the effect of banking assets on some inflation in the Iraqi economy from the period (2005-2020). The sample of the research is the banking assets and the research community of the Iraqi economy, and the results showed the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship heading from banking assets to inflation in Iraq during the period (2005-2020). In addition to the existence of the inverse relationship between banking assets and inflation in Iraq. Despite the entry of Iraq after the year (2004) to the market economy and financial liberalization processes, the performance of the banking sector is still weak because it is based on the lack of confidence of individuals in the banking sector in addition to political interventions in the sector. The study recommends that the central bank and the Iraqi private commercial banks have the responsibility to provide the appropriate atmosphere for citizens to benefit from banking services. By creating an atmosphere of confidence among customers and diversifying services to me
The Effect of Economic Globalization Indicators on the Human Development Index: A Case Study of Iraq for the Period (2004-2019)
(www.psychologyandeducation.net, 2021-02-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
This research aims to measure and analyze the impact of economic globalization on the human development index in Iraq for the period (2004-2019) through the use of modern econometric methods represented by the error correction model for distributed slowdown periods (ARDL), so this research came for the purpose of knowing to what extent it can contribute Economic globalization in achieving the human development index in the Iraqi economy, especially since the Iraqi economy began applying the market mechanism and economic freedom after 2003, So this research came for the purpose of knowing these tools to apply them to the Iraqi economy in the future to reduce dependence on the oil sector, and the results of the research showed a positive and moral relationship between the human development index and the variables of economic globalization during the study period, and this matter indicates that Iraq is moving in the right direction that contributes In achieving the requirements of human development despite the fluctuation of the results of this sector.
The impact of exchange rate fluctuations on exports in Iraq for the period (2004-2020)
(2021-12-31) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد
The research aims to clarify the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on non-oil exports in Iraq during the period (2004-2020), The research problem focused on studying an important problem in the Iraqi economy, which is the lack of clarity and uncertainty surrounding the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations against the Iraqi dinar in the trade balance. The most effective parallel market during the period, (2004–2020), While the results of the standard analysis proved that the data of the independent variable and the dependent variable achieved the characteristic of stillness at the first difference for both variables, according to the unit root tests of (P.P) to ensure the inactivity of the time series and there are no integrated variables of degree I(2), Which necessitated the use of the ARDL model in estimating the relationship between the variables in the short and long terms, The results of the long-term response showed a weak adverse effect between the exchange rate and non-oil exports despite the increase in the exchange rate of the US dollar against the Iraqi dinar. It is noted that the volume of non-oil exports has decreased, this is due to the weakness of the production apparatus in covering the demand for goods and services. In addition, most Iraqi exports are oil exports, which are not subject to exchange rate changes, as their prices are set globally according to the forces of supply and demand. The exchange contributed in one way or another to the decline in the volume of non-oil exports.
The impact of exchange rate fluctuations on Iraqi imports for the period (2004-2020)
(مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال, 2022-05-05) أ.م.د. خالد روكان عواد