I-i- Biotechnology
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Item Histone Deacetylation in Alzheimer’s Diseases (AD); Hope or Hype(Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics/ springer, 2025-01-18) Nabaa Hisham Ateya; Sarah F. Al-Taie; Saade Abdalkareem Jasim; Subasini Uthirapathy; Kamlesh Chaudhary; Pooja Rani; Mayank Kundlas; ● K. Satyam Naidu; Nevin Adel Amer; Jawad Kadhim AhmedAbstract Histone acetylation is the process by which histone acetyltransferases (HATs) add an acetyl group to the N-terminal lysine residues of histones, resulting in a more open chromatin structure. Histone acetylation tends to increase gene expression more than methylation does. In the central nervous system (CNS), histone acetylation is essential for controlling the expression of genes linked to cognition and learning. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), “writing” enzymes (HATs), and “reading” enzymes with bromodomains that identify and localize to acetylated lysine residues are responsible for maintaining histone acetylation. By giving animals HDAC inhibitors (HDACis), it is possible to intentionally control the ratios of “writer” and “eraser” activity, which will change the acetylation of histones. In addition to making the chromatin more accessible, these histone acetylation alterations re-allocate the targeting of “readers,” including the transcriptional coactivators, cAMP response element-binding protein (CBP), and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4) in the CNS. Conclusive evidence has shown that HDACs slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by reducing the amount of histone acetylation, decreasing the activity of genes linked to memory, supporting cognitive decline and Amyloid beta (Aβ) protein accumulation, influencing aberrant tau phosphorylation, and promoting the emergence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). In this review, we have covered the therapeutic targets and functions of HDACs that might be useful in Treating AD.Item Effect of gels on estimating the chemical and physical content of raw and boiled chicken leg meat(drumstick)(Functional Food Science - Online ISSN: 2767-3146, 2024-08-01) Firas Riyadh Jameel; Mohammed Majed Hamid; Sara Thamer Hadi; Marina Yousif YaakopABSTRACT Background: Meat, including poultry, has important nutritional value due to the characteristics it possesses. Additionally, preparation methods and additives play a crucial role in determining its nutritional value, which is reflected in consumer preferences. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of carrageenan in the boiling process, and its effect on the physicochemical properties of chicken fingers made from chicken leg meat. Materials and Methods: The Kjeldahl method estimated the total protein percentage. The percentage of fat was determined by the Soxhlet method using a volatile organic solvent, such as hexane. Moisture was determined by drying the samples in an oven at 105°C until a constant weight was achieved. The ash percentage was estimated by incineration at a temperature of 50-600°C until the weight was stable. Carbohydrates were estimated using the constant weight with the remaining components. The acidity was also estimated. Physical tests determined the separated water by calculating the difference in weight before and after pressing. The loss in boiling was estimated by calculating the weight difference before and after boiling.Item The effects of depriving children from their parents on their social communication with their peers, from the point of view of teachers in Jordan(Springer, 2022-03-10) Najihah; Abd Wahid and Anas; Mohd Yunus and Ola YaheaThis study aims at revealing the effects of depriving the child from interacting with his or her peers by the parents, as seen from the perspectives of teachers in the primary stage in Irbid governorate, in Jordan. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a study tool has been developed to measure parental deprivation on the nature of communication for their children, in addition to distributing a questionnaire to collect a sampled study that includes (190) male and female teachers, who are randomly selected. The study concludes that there is a significant and positive relationship between depriving the children from their parents, as compared to their relationship with their peers.Collection Collection Collection Collection