Effect of the injection of protoscolex antigens for hydatid cysts on some immunological parameters and the protection of injury
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-11-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Research Journal of Biotechnology
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to that capability of preparation of antigens
from protoscolex found inside the hydatid cyst and likewise
possibility of preparing antigen providing protection of the
injury of this cysts. Cystic echinococcosis is the more
important parasitic disease caused by a cestode tapeworm of
species Echinococcus granulosus, spreading a lot in Iraq and
the Eastern Mediterranean Countries in addition to its world
distribution. The protoscolex found inside hydatid cysts
results from the germinal layer of hydatid cyst isolated from
people by the surgery section at the Fallujah teaching
hospital to find out the extent of its influence on both of the
cellular and humeral immunity. 20 white mice (Balb/c) were
divided into two groups, the first group of white mice (Balb/
c) was injected subcutaneously with a concentration of 0.1ml
of antigen and it measured antibodies IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE as
well as injected with complement C3, C4 and the insulation
of neutrophil cells and measuring percentage of
phagocytosis, reduction of a dye NBT and viability of
neutrophil cells and in the second group, the protoscolex was
injected in the liver with a concentration 0.1ml to find out
the extent of prevention provided by the antigen to prevent
or to reduce injury.
The results showed a significant increase for all types of
antibodies and complements C3 , C4 and reduction of a dye
NBT and phagocytosis especially at the time 60 minute and
the results were not showing significant differences on
viability of neutrophil cells. As for prevention of injury, the
results have shown a significant difference at the level < 0.05
and reached the percentage of prevention 56.4 % compared
to the subordinate control. The results showed small size of
the hydatid cyst in the experience parameters compared to
the subordinate control.
Description
This study investigates the potential for preparing antigens from protoscolex found within hydatid cysts and evaluates the possibility of using these antigens to protect against damage caused by the cysts. Cystic echinococcosis, caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, is a significant parasitic disease prevalent in Iraq and Eastern Mediterranean countries, with a global distribution.
The protoscolex, which is a developmental stage of the parasite, is found inside hydatid cysts. These cysts are formed from the germinal layer of the cyst, and in this study, they were isolated from human patients undergoing surgery at Fallujah Teaching Hospital. The goal was to assess the impact of these antigens on both cellular and humoral immune responses.
The study was conducted on 20 Balb/c white mice, which were divided into two groups:
The first group was injected subcutaneously with 0.1 ml of the protoscolex antigen to evaluate its effects on antibody production (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE), complement activation (C3, C4), neutrophil function, and phagocytosis.
In the second group, protoscolex was injected into the liver of the mice at the same concentration to assess the antigen's ability to reduce or prevent liver injury caused by the parasite.
The results showed a significant increase in all antibody types (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE) and complements (C3, C4), as well as enhanced neutrophil activity, including an increase in phagocytosis and a reduction in the NBT dye reduction test at 60 minutes after injection. However, no significant differences were observed in the viability of neutrophil cells.
Regarding the protection against injury, the antigen showed a significant effect, reducing injury by 56.4% compared to the control group. Additionally, the hydatid cysts in the experimental group were smaller in size compared to the control group, indicating that the antigen may help reduce the size and impact of these cysts.
In conclusion, the study suggests that antigens prepared from protoscolex inside hydatid cysts can enhance immune responses and provide protection against the injury caused by hydatid cysts, showing potential for future therapeutic approaches.
Keywords
Citation
Bdewi, H. A., Mohammed, A. K., & Rajab, H. L. (2024). Effect of the injection of protoscolex antigens for hydatid cysts on some immunological parameters and the protection of injury. Research Journal of Biotechnology Vol, 19, 11.